FDA Approves Xromi (hydroxyurea) Oral Solution for Use in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Xromi, an oral solution formulation of hydroxyurea indicated to reduce the frequency of painful crises and reduce the need for blood transfusions in pediatric patients aged 6 months of age to less than 2 years with sickle cell anemia with recurrent moderate to severe painful crises.

Sickle cell anemia is caused by an abnormal version of hemoglobin called hemoglobin S, which leads to sickle-shaped red blood cells that can form painful clumps inside the blood vessels. These painful episodes are called sickle cell crises, and are one of the most common and distressing symptoms of sickle cell disease.

Hydroxyurea has been shown to reduce the frequency of painful episodes associated with sickle cell disease. It is thought to work by increasing levels of hemoglobin F (also called fetal hemoglobin because it is present in newborn babies) to make the red blood cells bigger, rounder, more flexible, and less likely to turn into a sickle shape.

Hydroxyurea was first approved in 1967 in an oral capsule formulation as a cancer treatment and has been used by doctors to treat sickle cell anemia since the 1980s. It was approved by the FDA for treating adults with sickle cell anemia in 1998, and children in 2017.

Xromi is supplied as a strawberry-flavored oral solution containing 100 mg/mL hydroxyurea. The Xromi package contains two dosing oral dosing syringes (a red oral dosing syringe graduated to 3 mL and a white oral dosing syringe graduated to 12 mL) for accurate measurement of the prescribed dose.

FDA Approves Xromi (hydroxyurea) Oral Solution for Use in Pediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia

FDA Approves Libervant (diazepam) Buccal Film for the Treatment of Seizure Clusters in Pediatric Patients Ages 2-5 Years

Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: AQST) (“Aquestive” or the “Company”), a pharmaceutical company advancing medicines to bring meaningful improvement to patients' lives through innovative science and delivery technologies, today announced the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Libervant™ (diazepam) Buccal Film for the acute treatment of intermittent, stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity (i.e., seizure clusters, acute repetitive seizures) that are distinct from a patient’s usual seizure pattern in patients with epilepsy between 2 to 5 years of age.

“We are thrilled to have received FDA approval for Libervant™ in patients between the ages of two and five,” said Daniel Barber, Chief Executive Officer of Aquestive. “Patients have been waiting years for Libervant, the first and only FDA approved orally-administered rescue product for the treatment of seizure clusters. Our first priority is to provide and maintain availability of Libervant to the intended patient population. I am pleased to announce that we are currently able to accept and fill non-Medicaid prescriptions. We expect to expand our distribution capabilities over the coming weeks and months. I am also pleased with our continued track record of success with the FDA. We respect the FDA’s mission to protect public health and we will always seek to partner with the FDA wherever possible.”

“Libervant provides a new way to deliver diazepam for the treatment of acute repetitive seizure emergencies in children aged two to five,” said Michael Rogawski, M.D., Ph.D, distinguished professor of neurology and pharmacology, University of California, Davis, “The film is placed onto the buccal mucosa inside the cheek where it adheres firmly and dissolves quickly, delivering a consistent dose of diazepam. Studies show that the film is easy to administer and performs reliably in children as young as 2 years of age. Libervant is packaged in a compact foil pouch that is convenient to carry so that the treatment can be available wherever these children may be.”

In 2023, over 55,000 prescriptions were filled for patients between the ages of 2 and 5. This was an increase of 10.8% over the previous year and an average increase of 9.3% over the last three years for this patient population. Over 90% of filled prescriptions in 2023 for this patient population were for diazepam rectal gel. Prescription writing for this indication is highly concentrated among pediatric epileptologists and pediatric neurologists.

REF: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diazepam

FDA Approves Libervant (diazepam) Buccal Film for the Treatment of Seizure Clusters in Pediatric Patients Ages 2-5 Years

FDA Approves Sesquient (fosphenytoin sodium) for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus in Adult and Pediatric Patients

Sedor Pharmaceuticals, LLC (Sedor) announced the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) spproval of  Sesquient (fosphenytoin sodium for injection) for the treatment of status epilepticus in adult and pediatric patients.

According to Neurocritical Care Society Guidelines, status epilepticus, which is classified as a single epileptic seizure lasting more than five minutes or two or more seizures within a five-minute period, must be treated quickly since irreversible brain damage or death may result if cessation of seizure is not achieved within 60 minutes of onset. Ready-to-dilute and room temperature stable, Sesquient is the only FDA-approved fosphenytoin that allows point-of-care storage, as well as fast and efficient administration in emergency rooms, intensive care units, first responder vehicles, and long-term care facilities, where serial seizures such as status epilepticus are most commonly treated.

“Status epilepticus is associated with irreversible neurologic damage and death, both of which largely depend on the seizure duration before initial treatment,” stated Barry Frankel, Chief Business Officer and co-founder of Sedor. “At some hospitals, it can take up to 30 minutes to get a status epilepticus drug from the pharmacy to the point of care in the ER to treat a patient. Sesquient – the first and only FDA-approved room temperature stable fosphenytoin – could help health care providers quickly treat status epilepticus patients and potentially reduce hospital costs associated with this condition.”

“This is an important milestone for Sedor Pharmaceuticals and opens a significant global market for the company. As our first NDA approved drug, Sesquient validates our business model of efficient development of critical care hospital injectable products,” added John Sedor, Chairman, CEO and co-founder of Sedor. Mr. Sedor added “While Sesquient is available in pre-filled liquid vials, this is a multi-dosage platform which we believe will be followed by a pre-filled IV bag. With this achievement completed, we are turning our focus to the development of our second product, Meloxicam for injection solubilized with betadex sulfobutyl ether sodium, for the potential treatment of acute post-surgical pain.”

Sedor is actively engaged in discussions to license the rights to Sesquient for North America, Europe, and other territories except for the Peoples Republic of China, where it has already been successfully licensed. Concurrently, Sedor is in discussions on securing capital to retain North American rights and commercialize the product.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosphenytoin

FDA Approves Sesquient (fosphenytoin sodium) for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus in Adult and Pediatric Patients

FDA Approves Katerzia (amlodipine) Oral Suspension for Pediatric Patients 6 Years of Age and Older

In continuation of my update on amlodipine

Azurity Pharmaceuticals, a specialty pharmaceutical company that makes safe, high-quality treatments for patients requiring customized formulations for their care, announced  that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Katerzia (amlodipine) Oral Suspension, 1 mg/mL, the first and only FDA-approved amlodipine oral suspension. Katerzia is indicated for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) in adults and pediatric patients 6 years of age and older and coronary artery disease in adults.

“We are pleased to announce the FDA approval of Katerzia”, said Neal Muni, MD, MSPH, President and Chief Executive Officer of Azurity Pharmaceuticals. “The addition of Katerzia complements our existing pediatric hypertension portfolio and will strengthen the overall offering from Azurity. It is also our first product approval since CutisPharma and Silvergate Pharmaceuticals came together to make Azurity Pharmaceuticals, making this a truly exciting time.”

Katerzia offers a ready-to-use (simply shake) oral suspension for children 6 years of age and older that require or prefer an oral liquid option of amlodipine. Appropriate dosing for children is now simple, safe, and effective, while providing the assurance of quality as an FDA-approved product. Katerzia will be readily available through an extensive network of pharmacies and a qualified mail order service. For additional information on Katerzia, please email media@azurity.com.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amlodipine

FDA Approves Victoza (liraglutide) for the Treatment of Pediatric Patients 10 Years or Older with Type 2 Diabetes

In continuation of my update on Victoza (liraglutide)

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration   approved Victoza (liraglutide) injection for treatment of pediatric patients 10 years or older with type 2 diabetes. Victoza is the first non-insulin drug approved to treat type 2 diabetes in pediatric patients since metformin was approved for pediatric use in 2000. Victoza has been approved to treat adult patients with type 2 diabetes since 2010.

“The FDA encourages drugs to be made available to the widest number of patients possible when there is evidence of safety and efficacy,” said Lisa Yanoff, M.D, acting director of the Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “Victoza has now been shown to improve blood sugar control in pediatric patients with type 2 diabetes. The expanded indication provides an additional treatment option at a time when an increasing number of children are being diagnosed with this disease.”

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, occurring when the pancreas cannot make enough insulin to keep blood sugar at normal levels. Although type 2 diabetes primarily occurs in patients over the age of 45, the prevalence rate among younger patients has been rising dramatically over the past couple of decades. The Diabetes Report Card published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that more than 5,000 new cases of type 2 diabetes are diagnosed each year among U.S. youth younger than age 20.

Victoza improves blood sugar levels by creating the same effects in the body as the glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) receptor protein in the pancreas. GLP-1 is often found in insufficient levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Like GLP-1, Victoza slows digestion, prevents the liver from making too much glucose (a simple sugar), and helps the pancreas produce more insulin when needed. As noted on the label, Victoza is not a substitute for insulin and is not indicated for patients with type 1 diabetes or those with diabetic ketoacidosis, a condition associated with diabetes where the body breaks down fat too quickly because there is inadequate insulin or none at all. Victoza is also indicated to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease; however, its effect on major adverse cardiovascular events in pediatrics was not studied and it is not indicated for this use in children.

The efficacy and safety of Victoza for reducing blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes was studied in several placebo-controlled trials in adults and one placebo-controlled trial with 134 pediatric patients 10 years and older for more than 26 weeks. Approximately 64% of patients in the pediatric study had a reduction in their hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) below 7% while on Victoza, compared to only 37% who achieved these results with the placebo. HbA1c is a blood test that is routinely performed to evaluate how well a patient’s diabetes is controlled, and a lower number indicates better control of the disease. These results occurred regardless of whether the patient also took insulin at the same time. Adult patients who took Victoza with insulin or other drugs that increase the amount of insulin the body makes (e.g., sulfonylurea) may have an increased risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Meanwhile, pediatric patients 10 years and older taking Victoza had a higher risk of hypoglycemia regardless of whether they took other therapies for diabetes.

The prescribing information for Victoza includes a Boxed Warning to advise health care professionals and patients about the increased risk of thyroid C-cell tumors. For this reason, patients who have had, or have family members who have ever had medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) should not use Victoza, nor should patients who have an endocrine system condition called multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2). In addition, people who have a prior serious hypersensitivity reaction to Victoza or any of the product components should not use Victoza. Victoza also carries warnings about pancreatitis, Victoza pen sharing, hypoglycemia when used in conjunction with certain other drugs known to cause hypoglycemia including insulin and sulfonylurea, renal impairment or kidney failure, hypersensitivity and acute gallbladder disease. The most common side effects are nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, decreased appetite, indigestion and constipation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liraglutide

FDA Approves Fragmin (dalteparin sodium) as First Anticoagulant for Venous Thromboembolism in Pediatric Patients

    

In continuation of my update on Dalteparin

U.S. Food and Drug Administration,  approved Fragmin (dalteparin sodium) injection, for subcutaneous use, to reduce the recurrence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pediatric patients one month of age and older. VTE can include deep vein thrombosis (blood clot in the deep veins of the leg) and pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lungs), which can lead to death.

“Most children who have VTE are fighting a serious underlying primary illness such as cancer or congenital heart disease. Not only are they fighting a serious illness, having a condition like VTE can then lead to significant complications and even death,” said Richard Pazdur, M.D., director of the FDA’s Oncology Center of Excellence and acting director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “Prior to this approval, there had been no FDA-approved therapies to treat VTE in pediatric patients. Given the unmet need, we granted the Fragmin application priority review and today we are approving it as the first anticoagulant (blood thinner) indicated for pediatric patients. We remain committed to advancing treatments for children with unmet medical needs.”

VTE usually develops as a secondary complication of underlying clinical conditions such as a venous catheter, cancer, infection, congenital heart disease, and trauma or surgery. Pediatric VTE is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality, recurrent VTE and post-thrombotic syndrome (damage to vein).

Fragmin was initially approved by the FDA in 1994 for adults and is a type of heparin, which works as an anticoagulant. The efficacy of Fragmin in children was based on a single trial with 38 pediatric patientswith symptomatic deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. Patients were treated with Fragmin for up to three months, with starting doses by age and weight. At study completion, 21 patients achieved resolution of the qualifying VTE, seven patients showed regression, two patients showed no change, no patients experienced progression of the VTE and one patient experienced recurrence of VTE.

Common side effects of patients taking Fragmin are bleeding, including hemorrhage (heavy discharge of blood from a blood vessel), thrombocytopenia (low blood platelet count), hematoma (collection of blood) or pain at the injection site and transient elevation of transaminases (elevated level of liver enzymes).

Health care professionals are advised to use caution in conditions with increased risk of hemorrhage and monitor thrombocytopenia of any degree closely. Health care professionals are warned not to use benzyl alcohol preservative multiple-dose formulations in infants as they contain benzyl alcohol and should not be used. Patients are advised to have blood count laboratory tests periodically. Health care professionals are advised to monitor patients closely for bleeding when administering Fragmin to patients who currently take anticoagulants. Patients at risk for VTE may receive certain treatments or interventions to help reduce the likelihood of the formation of blood clots (known as thromboprophylaxis), including taking anticoagulants.

The label for Fragmin contains a boxed warning to alert health care professionals and patients that epidural or spinal hematomas (accumulation of blood that can mechanically compress the spinal cord) may occur in patients who are anticoagulated due to taking certain medications called low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) or heparinoids and are receiving neuraxial anesthesia (injection near the spine) or undergoing spinal puncture (removing spinal fluid for testing). These hematomas may result in long-term or permanent paralysis. Health care professionals are advised to consider these risks when scheduling patients for spinal procedures as patients may be at a higher risk of developing VTE. Factors that can increase the risk of developing epidural or spinal hematomas in these patients include: use of indwelling epidural catheters, use of other drugs that affect hemostasis at the same time when using Fragmin, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), platelet inhibitors and other anticoagulants; history of traumatic or repeated epidural or spinal punctures; and a history of spinal deformity or surgery. The optimal timing between the administration of Fragmin and neuraxial procedures is not known. Health care professionals are advised to monitor patients frequently for signs and symptoms of neurological impairment. If neurological compromise is noted, urgent treatment is necessary. Health care professionals are advised to consider the benefits and risks before neuraxial intervention in patients anticoagulated or to be anticoagulated for thromboprophylaxis.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalteparin_sodium

https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB06779

FDA Approves Mavyret (glecaprevir and pibrentasvir) as First Treatment for All Genotypes of Hepatitis C in Pediatric Patients

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Mavyret (telaprevir and pibrentasvir) tablets to treat all six genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in children ages 12 to 17. Mavyret was previously approved to treat HCV in adults in 2017.

   Pibrentasvir

                                  Glecaprevir

“Direct-acting antiviral drugs reduce the amount of HCV in the body by preventing the virus from multiplying, and in most cases, they cure HCV infection,” said Jeffrey Murray, M.D., M.P.H., deputy director of the Division of Antiviral Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “Today’s approval represents another treatment option for children and adolescents with HCV infection, but for the first time, in all genotypes of HCV.”

HCV is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the liver that can lead to diminished liver function or liver failure. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an estimated 2.7 to 3.9 million people in the U.S. have chronic HCV, and children born to HCV-positive mothers are at risk for HCV infection. It is estimated that there are 23,000 to 46,000 children in the U.S. with HCV infection.

With today’s approval, dosing information is provided for Mavyret for the treatment of adult or pediatric patients 12 years and older, or weighing at least 99 pounds, who are infected with any of six identified HCV genotypes either without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis.

The safety and efficacy of Mavyret in pediatric patients was evaluated during clinical trials of 47 patients with genotype 1, 2, 3 or 4 HCV infection without cirrhosis or with mild cirrhosis. Results of the trials demonstrated that 100 percent of patients who received Mavyret for eight or 16 weeks had no virus detected in the blood 12 weeks after finishing treatment, suggesting that patients’ infection had been cured. In pediatric patients with cirrhosis, history of a kidney and/or liver transplant, or genotype 5 or 6 HCV infection, the safety and efficacy of Mavyret are supported by previous studies observed in glecaprevir and pibrentasvir in adults. The adverse reactions observed were consistent with those observed in clinical studies of Mavyret in adults.

Treatment duration with Mavyret differs depending on treatment history, viral genotype and cirrhosis status. The most common adverse reactions in patients taking Mavyret were headache and fatigue. Mavyret is not recommended in patients with moderate cirrhosis and contraindicated in patients with severe cirrhosis. It is also contraindicated in patients taking the drugs atazanavir and rifampin.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation has been reported in HCV/HBV coinfected adult patients who were undergoing or had completed treatment with HCV direct-acting antivirals, and who were not receiving HBV antiviral therapy. HBV reactivation in patients treated with direct-acting antiviral medicines can result in serious liver problems or death in some patients. Health care professionals should screen all patients for evidence of current or prior HBV infection before starting treatment with Mavyret.

https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB13879

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Glecaprevir#section=Structures

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pibrentasvir

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Pibrentasvir

FDA Approves Mavyret (glecaprevir and pibrentasvir) as First Treatment for All Genotypes of Hepatitis C in Pediatric Patients