Dapagliflozin more effective than sitagliptin for adult patients with type 2 diabetes

Dapagliflozin more effective than sitagliptin for adult patients with type 2 diabetes: 

In continuation of my update on dapagliflozin and sitagliptin

The study also demonstrated significant reductions in total body weight and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in patients taking dapagliflozin added to sitagliptin (with or without metformin), with results maintained throughout the duration of the study extension.

Patients were actively questioned at each study visit for signs, symptoms or events suggestive of genital infections and urinary tract infections. These events were more frequent with the dapagliflozin treatment group compared to the placebo treatment group, and were generally mild to moderate in intensity, with most patients responding to standard treatment.

"Type 2 diabetes is a complex disease that often requires patients to take multiple treatments to control their blood sugar levels, with DPP4 inhibitors being some of the most widely prescribed therapies," said Serge Jabbour, M.D., Division Director of Endocrinology, Thomas Jefferson University. "In this study, dapagliflozin, in addition to diet and exercise, resulted in reduced blood sugar levels when added to sitagliptin, a DPP4 inhibitor. These findings add to our understanding of the effect of dapagliflozin in combination with commonly prescribed type 2 diabetes treatments."

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and AstraZeneca today announced results from a Phase 3 clinical study that showed the investigational compound dapagliflozin 10 mg demonstrated significant reductions in blood sugar levels (glycosylated hemoglobin levels, or HbA1c) compared with placebo at 24 weeks when either agent was added to existing sitagliptin therapy (with or without metformin) in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.

More..

FDA accepts Avanir IND for AVP-923 to treat agitation in patients with AD

FDA accepts Avanir IND for AVP-923 to treat agitation in patients with AD: Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc. today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accepted the company's Investigational New Drug (IND) application for the study of AVP-923, an investigational drug for the treatment of agitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

"This marks the fourth IND for the AVP-923 (AVP-923, a combination of    dextromethorphan  hydrobromide   and quinidine sulfate, see the structures from left to right respectively)

program, reflecting our belief that the unique dual sigma-1 and NMDA receptor pharmacology has significant potential," saidJoao Siffert, MD, senior vice president of R&D at Avanir Pharmaceuticals. "With no approved treatments for agitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease, this remains an area of tremendous unmet medical need. We look forward to initiating our clinical research program later this year." 

Ref : http://ir.avanir.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=61699&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1704063

Lexicon presents six posters on LX4211 at ADA meeting

 

Lexicon presents six posters on LX4211 at ADA meeting: Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. will present six posters summarizing the mechanism of action and safety of LX4211, a dual inhibitor of sodium glucose transporters 1 and 2 (SGLT1 and SGLT2) currently in mid-stage development for type 2 diabetes, at the 72nd Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during the Saturday morning poster session on June 9, 2012. 

Lexicon has completed dosing in a Phase 2b study of LX4211 in 299 patients with type 2 diabetes and expects to report top-line results at the end of June.

 

Amylin announces results from SYMLIN clinical studies on type 2 or 1 diabetes

Amylin announces results from SYMLIN clinical studies on type 2 or 1 diabetes: Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. today announced results from new analyses of previously completed clinical studies demonstrating that patients with type 2 or type 1 diabetes achieved a greater proportion of blood glucose measurements in the normal range when SYMLIN (pramlintide acetate, see structure) injection treatment was used along with insulin...

Ref : http://amln.client.shareholder.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=681698

Amylin, Alkermes announce results from BYDUREON clinical study on type 2 diabetes

 In continuation of my update on Bydureon

We know that, Exenatide (marketed as Byetta, Bydureon see structure) is a medication approved in April 2005 for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. It belongs to the group of incretin mimetics and is manufactured by Amylin Pharmaceuticals. Exenatide in its Byetta form is administered as a subcutaneous injection (under the skin) of the abdomen, thigh, or arm, any time within the 60 minutes before the first and last meal of the day. A once-weekly injection has been approved as of January 27, 2012 under the trademark Bydureon. 

Now Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: AMLN) and Alkermes plc (Nasdaq: ALKS) today announced results from the long-term extension of the DURATION-1 study, which showed that BYDUREON™ (exenatide extended-release for injectable suspension), the first and only once-weekly treatment for type 2 diabetes, was associated with clinically significant and sustained improvements in glycemic control during four years of treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes.......

 

Amylin, Alkermes announce results from BYDUREON clinical study on type 2 diabetes

Savient announces results from KRYSTEXXA Phase III trials on gout-related kidney disease

Post-hoc analysis evaluated more than 200 patients with CKD stages one through four (n=34, 74, 80, 23, respectively) who were randomized to receive treatment with KRYSTEXXA (pegloticase, see structure) 8 mg every other week, 8 mg every four weeks or placebo. Baseline CKD stage was similar across treatment arms, and there was no significant difference in rates of response to KRYSTEXXA by CKD stage (p<0.311). Additionally, treatment with KRYSTEXXA did not impact estimated GFR levels in patients with or without CKD. Similar results were seen in a 24-month open-label extension study.                 

In another study presented as a poster at EULAR, 35 percent of patients diagnosed with gout in Western Europe reported experiencing pain in the last 30 days (versus 20 percent in the control group of those who did not report gout; p<0.05).  Of those patients, 23 percent reported severe daily pain (versus 13.5 percent in control group; p<0.05), which impacted quality of life as assessed by the SF-12 health outcome measurement tool.  Based on study data, it is estimated that one in five gout patients in Western Europe experiences moderate to severe daily pain, one of the symptoms of gout.

Ref : http://investor.savient.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=680494

Savient announces results from KRYSTEXXA Phase III trials on gout-related kidney disease: Savient Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced new data presented in an oral session at the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) 2012 congress showed that patients with refractory chronic gout (RCG) who also suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD) responded to treatment with KRYSTEXXA (pegloticase) regardless of baseline CKD stage.

AB Science announces data from development program of masitinib in GIST

In continuation of my update on Masitinib

AB Science announces data from development program of masitinib in GIST: AB Science SA, a pharmaceutical company specializing in the research, development and commercialization of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs), announces today that data from the development program of masitinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) have been presented as part of three presentations delivered at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2012 Annual Meeting, 1-5 June in Chicago, Illinois.

Three-drug regimen provides rapid, durable responses for multiple myeloma

In continuation of my update on three drug combination

A three-drug treatment for the blood cancer multiple myeloma provided rapid, deep and potentially durable responses, researchers report today online in Blood, the Journal of the American Society of Hematology, and yesterday, Sunday, June 3, 2012, at the American Society of Clinical Oncology's Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL, USA.

The researchers, led by Andrzej J. Jakubowiak, MD, PhD, professor of medicine and director of the multiple myeloma program at the University of Chicago Medical Center, found that combining carfilzomib, a next generation proteasome inhibitor, with two standard drugs -- lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone compared favorably to other frontline regimens.
The longer patients stayed on the therapy, the better their response. After at least eight 28-day cycles of treatment, 61 percent of the 36 patients who remained on the therapy had a stringent complete response, defined as no detectable tumor cells or myeloma protein in the blood or bone marrow; 78 percent had at least a near complete response. More than 90 percent of patients had no progression of their disease at two years.

"These rapid and durable response rates are higher than those achieved by the best established regimens for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma," said Jakubowiak. "We have observed excellent efficacy, the best reported to date, and very good tolerability, including limited peripheral neuropathy that has been problematic with other drug combinations."

 Ref : http://www.uchospitals.edu/news/2012/20120604-myeloma.html

 Three-drug regimen provides rapid, durable responses for multiple myeloma

HIV drug may slow down metastatic breast cancer

The HIV drugs known as CCR5 antagonists (Maraviroc or Vicriviroc see below structures from left to right respectively) may also help prevent aggressive breast cancers from metastasizing, researchers from the Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson suggest in a preclinical study. 

Such drugs target the HIV receptor CCR5, which the virus uses to enter and infect host cells, and has historically only been associated with expression in inflammatory cells in the immune system. Researchers have now shown, however, that CCR5 is also expressed in breast cancer cells, and regulates the spread to other tissue.

What's more, blocking the receptor with the CCR5 antagonists Maraviroc and Vicriviroc, two drugs that slow down the spread of the HIV virus by targeting the CCR5 co-receptor of the chemokine CCL5, also prevents migration and spread of basal breast cancer cells, the researchers found.

"These results are dramatic," said Richard Pestell, M.D., Ph.D., FACP, Director of Jefferson's Kimmel Cancer Center and Chair of the Department of Cancer Biology at Thomas Jefferson University, and study senior author. "Our team showed that the CCR5/CCL5 axis plays a key role in invasiveness, and that a CCR5 antagonist can slow down the invasion of basal breast cancer cells."

"This suggests it may prove to be a viable adjuvant therapy to reduce the risk of metastasis in the basal breast cancer subtype," he added.

Basal tumors, which do not express the androgen or estrogen receptors or HER-2, are typically associated with metastasis and often do not respond to hormonal therapies. Current treatments include chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, but all demonstrate poor outcomes, thus highlighting the urgent need for a specific targeted therapy for the subtype.

More : http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2012/05/25/0008-5472.CAN-11-3917

HIV drug may slow down metastatic breast cancer

New drug found effective against rare form of basal cell skin cancer

In continuation of my up date on vismodegib..

A clinical study has demonstrated that a new drug, a targeted molecular therapy called vismodegib (trade name Erivedge™), can dramatically shrink basal cell skin cancers and prevent the formation of new ones, in patients with basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS). This rare genetic condition causes dozens, and sometimes hundreds or thousands, of skin cancers on each patient's body. The primary treatment option is surgical removal. These study results are significant as they indicate the possibility of an alternative treatment with oral medication; although side effects remain a consideration. 

New drug found effective against rare form of basal cell skin cancer

Kinase Inhibitor Trials Show Melanoma Benefits | News | Drug Discovery and Development Magazine

Findings from GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) plc’s Phase 3 clinical study program evaluating single agent therapy with the targeted anti-cancer agents, dabrafenib (below left structure) and trametinib (below right structure), in patients with BRAF V600 mutation positive metastatic melanoma have been released. 

Both the BREAK3 study of dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor) and the METRIC study of trametinib (MEK inhibitor) demonstrated a statistically significant benefit in the length of time patients with BRAF V600 mutation positive advanced or metastatic melanoma lived without progression of their disease or death (Progression Free Survival or PFS) compared to those receiving chemotherapy. Additionally, patients in the METRIC study who received trametinib lived significantly longer (overall survival or OS) than those who received chemotherapy with dacarbazine. OS data are not yet mature in the BREAK3 trial.

“The results from the clinical studies of dabrafenib and trametinib presented at this meeting represent important progress towards understanding how these investigational agents could benefit patients with advanced and metastatic melanoma. Importantly, trametinib is the first MEK inhibitor to demonstrate clinical benefit in a late phase melanoma trial.” said Dr. Rafael Amado, Head of Oncology R&D for GlaxoSmithKline. “We are planning regulatory submissions for dabrafenib and trametinib as single agent therapies and have recently started a Phase 3 program to further investigate the effect of the combination in this disease.”

OGX-427 Improves PFS in Prostate Cancer | News | Drug Discovery and Development Magazine

In continuation of my update on OGX-427 

OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals Inc. announced data from a Phase 2 study of its investigational compound OGX-427 in chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Preliminary results show a higher number of patients taking OGX-427 plus prednisone without disease progression at 12 weeks and with declines in prostate-specific antigen (PSA), compared with those taking prednisone alone.

Sixty-four of 72 planned patients have been randomized to the study and data on 42 patients [22 who received OGX-427 plus prednisone and 20 who received prednisone alone] are now available at or beyond the 12 week assessment time point. Highlights are as follows: 

Phase 3 Elagolix Trial Begins | News | Drug Discovery and Development Magazine

Elagolix (see structure) is an oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist. "Endometriosis can be a debilitating disease that affects millions of women around the world and the exploration of new treatments could offer other options for women with this disease," said Dr. Hugh Taylor, M.D., Chief of Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Yale School of Medicine.

The Phase 3 trial (M12-665) is a 24-week, multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of elagolix in 875 women, age 18 to 49, with moderate-to-severe endometriosis-associated pain. It will be conducted at approximately 160 sites in the United States, Puerto Rico and Canada.

"The investigation of elagolix for endometriosis is an important step in the exploration of potential treatments for this underserved patient population," said Rita Jain, M.D., divisional vice president, Pain, Respiratory and Metabolic Development, Global Pharmaceutical R&D, Abbott.

The trial has begun screening for enrollment. A second Phase 3 study is planned with an NDA filing targeted in 2016.

Phase 3 Elagolix Trial Begins | News | Drug Discovery and Development Magazine

Nicotinamide riboside can protect against obesity

A natural ingredient found in milk can protect against obesity even as mice continue to enjoy diets that are high in fat. 

The researchers identified this ingredient, known as nicotinamide riboside (see structure), as they were searching for alternative ways to boost the well-known gene SIRT1, which comes with benefits for both metabolism and longevity. One way to do that is to target SIRT1 directly, as the red wine ingredient resveratrol appears to do, at least at some doses.

Auwerx's team lead by Johan Auwerx, suspected there might be a simpler way to go about it, by boosting levels of one of SIRT1's molecular sidekicks, the cofactor NAD+. 

This milk ingredient does just that in a rather appealing way. Not only is it a natural product, but it also gets trapped within cells, where it can do its magic.

Mice that take nicotinamide riboside in fairly high doses along with their high-fat meals burn more fat and are protected from obesity. They also become better runners thanks to muscles that have greater endurance.

http://www.youtube.com/embed/5YwzyqXzntY

Nicotinamide riboside can protect against obesity

BioLineRx receives two U.S. patent allowances for BL-1021 to treat neuropathic pain

BioLineRx, a biopharmaceutical development company, announced today that two Notices of Allowance have been issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) for BL-1021 (see structure), an orally available small molecule for treating neuropathic pain. The first has been issued for a patent application claiming BL-1021's composition, that when issued, will be valid until at least September 2022. Additional patents claiming BL-1021's composition are granted or pending in Europe, Japan, Canada, Korea, Mexico, Israel, India, China and Australia. The other Notice of Allowance is for a patent application claiming the use of BL-1021 for the treatment of pain, that when issued, will be valid until at least January 2028.

BioLineRx receives two U.S. patent allowances for BL-1021 to treat neuropathic pain: BioLineRx, a biopharmaceutical development company, announced today that two Notices of Allowance have been issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) for BL-1021, an orally available small molecule for treating neuropathic pain.